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docs: add more information on supertype nodes for grammars and queries

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Amaan Qureshi 2025-09-14 05:40:19 -04:00 • committed by Amaan Qureshi
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docs/src/using-parsers/queries/1-syntax.md
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@ -96,6 +96,26 @@ by `(ERROR)` queries. Specific missing node types can also be queried:
(MISSING ";") @missing-semicolon
```
### Supertype Nodes
Some node types are marked as _supertypes_ in a grammar. A supertype is a node type that contains multiple
subtypes. For example, in the [JavaScript grammar example][grammar], `expression` is a supertype that can represent any kind
of expression, such as a `binary_expression`, `call_expression`, or `identifier`. You can use supertypes in queries to match
any of their subtypes, rather than having to list out each subtype individually. For example, this pattern would match any
kind of expression, even though it's not a visible node in the syntax tree:
```query
(expression) @any-expression
```
To query specific subtypes of a supertype, you can use the syntax `supertype/subtype`. For example, this pattern would
match a `binary_expression` only if it is a child of `expression`:
```query
(expression/binary_expression) @binary-expression
```
[grammar]: ../../creating-parsers/3-writing-the-grammar.md#structuring-rules-well
[node-field-names]: ../2-basic-parsing.md#node-field-names
[named-vs-anonymous-nodes]: ../2-basic-parsing.md#named-vs-anonymous-nodes
[s-exp]: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/S-expression