diff --git a/examples/grammars/json.hpp b/examples/grammars/json.hpp
index a57a2db7..d126fad3 100644
--- a/examples/grammars/json.hpp
+++ b/examples/grammars/json.hpp
@@ -33,7 +33,7 @@ namespace test_grammars {
                 _sym("right_brace"), }) },
             { "array", seq({
                 _sym("left_bracket"),
-                comma_sep(sym("value")),
+                comma_sep(err(sym("value"))),
                 _sym("right_bracket"), }) },
             { "string", pattern("\"([^\"]|\\\\\")+\"") },
             { "number", pattern("\\d+") },
diff --git a/examples/parsers/json.c b/examples/parsers/json.c
index ce03de93..b5c66399 100644
--- a/examples/parsers/json.c
+++ b/examples/parsers/json.c
@@ -42,8 +42,16 @@ static const ts_symbol * ts_recover(ts_state state, ts_state *to_state, size_t *
             RECOVER(47, 2, EXPECT({ts_sym_comma, ts_sym_right_brace}));
         case 13:
             RECOVER(44, 2, EXPECT({ts_sym_comma, ts_sym_right_brace}));
+        case 19:
+            RECOVER(21, 2, EXPECT({ts_sym_comma, ts_sym_right_bracket}));
+        case 22:
+            RECOVER(23, 2, EXPECT({ts_sym_comma, ts_sym_right_bracket}));
         case 25:
             RECOVER(32, 2, EXPECT({ts_sym_comma, ts_sym_right_brace}));
+        case 35:
+            RECOVER(36, 2, EXPECT({ts_sym_comma, ts_sym_right_bracket}));
+        case 55:
+            RECOVER(56, 2, EXPECT({ts_sym_comma, ts_sym_right_bracket}));
         default:
             RECOVER(0, 0, EXPECT({}));
     }
@@ -468,8 +476,10 @@ PARSE_FN() {
                     SHIFT(35);
                 case ts_sym_right_bracket:
                     SHIFT(42);
+                case ts_builtin_sym_error:
+                    SHIFT(21);
                 default:
-                    PARSE_ERROR(8, EXPECT({ts_sym_array, ts_sym_number, ts_sym_object, ts_sym_string, ts_sym_value, ts_sym_left_brace, ts_sym_left_bracket, ts_sym_right_bracket}));
+                    PARSE_ERROR(9, EXPECT({ts_sym_array, ts_sym_number, ts_sym_object, ts_sym_string, ts_sym_value, ts_sym_left_brace, ts_sym_left_bracket, ts_sym_right_bracket, ts_builtin_sym_error}));
             }
         case 20:
             SET_LEX_STATE(6);
@@ -510,8 +520,10 @@ PARSE_FN() {
                     SHIFT(25);
                 case ts_sym_left_bracket:
                     SHIFT(35);
+                case ts_builtin_sym_error:
+                    SHIFT(23);
                 default:
-                    PARSE_ERROR(7, EXPECT({ts_sym_array, ts_sym_number, ts_sym_object, ts_sym_string, ts_sym_value, ts_sym_left_brace, ts_sym_left_bracket}));
+                    PARSE_ERROR(8, EXPECT({ts_sym_array, ts_sym_number, ts_sym_object, ts_sym_string, ts_sym_value, ts_sym_left_brace, ts_sym_left_bracket, ts_builtin_sym_error}));
             }
         case 23:
             SET_LEX_STATE(6);
@@ -662,8 +674,10 @@ PARSE_FN() {
                     SHIFT(35);
                 case ts_sym_right_bracket:
                     SHIFT(39);
+                case ts_builtin_sym_error:
+                    SHIFT(36);
                 default:
-                    PARSE_ERROR(8, EXPECT({ts_sym_array, ts_sym_number, ts_sym_object, ts_sym_string, ts_sym_value, ts_sym_left_brace, ts_sym_left_bracket, ts_sym_right_bracket}));
+                    PARSE_ERROR(9, EXPECT({ts_sym_array, ts_sym_number, ts_sym_object, ts_sym_string, ts_sym_value, ts_sym_left_brace, ts_sym_left_bracket, ts_sym_right_bracket, ts_builtin_sym_error}));
             }
         case 36:
             SET_LEX_STATE(6);
@@ -864,8 +878,10 @@ PARSE_FN() {
                     SHIFT(35);
                 case ts_sym_right_bracket:
                     SHIFT(59);
+                case ts_builtin_sym_error:
+                    SHIFT(56);
                 default:
-                    PARSE_ERROR(8, EXPECT({ts_sym_array, ts_sym_number, ts_sym_object, ts_sym_string, ts_sym_value, ts_sym_left_brace, ts_sym_left_bracket, ts_sym_right_bracket}));
+                    PARSE_ERROR(9, EXPECT({ts_sym_array, ts_sym_number, ts_sym_object, ts_sym_string, ts_sym_value, ts_sym_left_brace, ts_sym_left_bracket, ts_sym_right_bracket, ts_builtin_sym_error}));
             }
         case 56:
             SET_LEX_STATE(6);
diff --git a/spec/runtime/json_spec.cpp b/spec/runtime/json_spec.cpp
index ab8e241a..4d9ddda3 100644
--- a/spec/runtime/json_spec.cpp
+++ b/spec/runtime/json_spec.cpp
@@ -55,9 +55,17 @@ describe("json", []() {
             AssertThat(string(ts_document_string(doc)), Equals("(ERROR)"));
         });
         
-        it("reports errors inside of nested objects", [&]() {
+        it("reports errors inside of arrays and objects", [&]() {
             ts_document_set_text(doc, "{ \"key1\": 1, 5 }");
             AssertThat(string(ts_document_string(doc)), Equals("(value (object (string) (value (number)) (ERROR)))"));
+
+            ts_document_set_text(doc, "[1,,2]");
+            AssertThat(string(ts_document_string(doc)), Equals("(value (array (value (number)) (ERROR) (value (number))))"));
+        });
+        
+        it("reports errors in nested objects", [&]() {
+            ts_document_set_text(doc, "{ \"key1\": { \"key2\": 1, 2 }, [, \"key3\": 3 }");
+            AssertThat(string(ts_document_string(doc)), Equals("(value (object (string) (value (object (string) (value (number)) (ERROR))) (ERROR) (string) (value (number))))"));
         });
     });
 });
diff --git a/todo.md b/todo.md
index a8953b46..2d343711 100644
--- a/todo.md
+++ b/todo.md
@@ -2,7 +2,6 @@ TODO
 ====
 
 ## batch parsing
-- error handling: keep going when errors are encountered and put error nodes into the AST
 - more example grammars:
   - go
   - javascript