diff --git a/src/compiler/build_tables/build_parse_table.cc b/src/compiler/build_tables/build_parse_table.cc
index 872af8d0..81a1a7cc 100644
--- a/src/compiler/build_tables/build_parse_table.cc
+++ b/src/compiler/build_tables/build_parse_table.cc
@@ -73,7 +73,16 @@ class ParseTableBuilder {
     Symbol start_symbol = grammar.variables.empty() ?
       Symbol::terminal(0) :
       Symbol::non_terminal(0);
-    Production start_production{{{start_symbol, 0, rules::AssociativityNone, {"", false}}}, 0};
+    Production start_production{
+      vector<ProductionStep>(1, ProductionStep{
+        start_symbol,
+        0,
+        rules::AssociativityNone,
+        rules::Alias{}
+      }),
+      0
+    };
+
     add_parse_state({}, ParseItemSet{{
       {
         ParseItem(rules::START(), start_production, 0),
diff --git a/src/compiler/build_tables/parse_item_set_builder.cc b/src/compiler/build_tables/parse_item_set_builder.cc
index 6994d200..2ccb22ef 100644
--- a/src/compiler/build_tables/parse_item_set_builder.cc
+++ b/src/compiler/build_tables/parse_item_set_builder.cc
@@ -208,7 +208,10 @@ const vector<Production> &ParseItemSetBuilder::inline_production(const ParseItem
     auto end = item.production->steps.end();
     auto step = begin + item.step_index;
 
-    Production production{{begin, step}, item.production->dynamic_precedence};
+    Production production{
+      vector<ProductionStep>(begin, step),
+      item.production->dynamic_precedence
+    };
     for (auto &step : *production_to_insert) {
       production.steps.push_back(step);
       if (!inlined_step.alias.value.empty()) {